Basic Plasma ProcessesBasic Plasma ProcessesThis bibliography (IPPJ-AM-7) includes the relevant references published until the end of 1977. This is mainly the results of our personal efforts. We are not to claim that this is nearly the complete list. It is likely that many further references must be added in future to this bibliography. Nevertheless, we hope that this is of some value for fusion research, astrophysics, as well as atomic collision research itself. No selection has been made, so that it is the future task to evaluate the reliability of the numerical data reported in each reference. Brief remarks are put to each reference. These remarks include the target ion species and the processes treated and indicate some features of the article. However, these do not necessarily cover the whole feature of the work.
The first part is for the experimental references and the second for the theoretical ones. Each part contains the index at the end. IPPJ-AM-24 is the first supplement and covers the papers through July 1982 and includes papers which were published prior to 1978 but not included in IPPJ-AM-7. In the course of the preparation of this report, the following two publications were very useful: International Bulletin on Atomic and Molecular Data for Fusion published quarterly by the International Atomic Energy Agency and Atomic Data for Fusion published bimonthly by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the U.S. National Bureau of Standards.
Convenient analytic expressions have been obtained for a selection of experimental cross-sections. These expressions have been used to evaluate Maxwellian rate coefficients, which in turn have been fitted with polynomials. The purpose of this work is to obtain these polynomials for use in computational studies of the time development of plasmas. The present report is an expansion of report CLM-R137 Freeman,E.L., Jones,E.M.(1974). The reactions studied include electron and proton ionization of molecular nitrogen, electron ionization of He+ and charge-exchange between protons and molecular nitrogen. Also presented are data for several electron induced dissociative processes, namely, excitation and ionization of H2, excitation and recombination of H2+ and H3+, and ionization of H2+. Also included are the charge-exchange processes between H2+ and H2, between He+ and He, and between H+ and He.
Based on the comparison with experimental data a critical review is made in Part I on empirical cross-section formulas for electron-impact ionization of atomic ions. Most extensively studied are the formulas proposed by Lotz and by Golden and Sampson. Several conclusions are drawn about the validity of those formulas. A new type of scaling factor is proposed to improve the formula of Golden and Sampson. Part II presents a compilation of experimental data on electron-impact ionization of atomic ions with Z (atomic number) less that 19. All these experimental data available are shown in a graphical form with the results of the empirical formulas of Lotz and of Golden and Sampson. Experimental data were surveyed through the end of 1980 and the data on multiple ionization have been omitted.
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Bell,K.L, Gilbody,H.B., Hughes,J.G., Kingston,A.E., Smith,F.J. : 1983, J.Phys.Chem.Ref.Data, 12, 891.
Experimental and theoretical cross section data for electron impact ionization of light atoms and ions have been assessed. Based on this assessment and, in some cases, on the classical scaling laws, a recommended cross section has been produced for each species. This has been used to evaluate recommended Maxwellian rate coefficients over a wide range of temperatures. Convenient analytic expressions have been obtained for the recommended cross sections and rate coefficients. The data are presented in both graphical and tabular form and estimates of the reliability of the recommended data are given.
Cross sections have been compiled for electron impact excitation of carbon and oxygen ions. A selections has been made to recommend 'best' values for use. The resulting recommended values are fitted to an analytical formula and the fitting coefficients are given in a table. The cross sections (in the form of collisions strengths) and the rate coefficients calculated therefrom are shown graphically. The reliability of the recommended data is roughly estimated.
A comprehensive list of papers is presented on experimental and theoretical studies of electron-impact excitation and ionization of atomic (positive) ions. The list covers the literature published from 1940 through August 1983. Each reference is followed by a short description of the data available from the paper. Separate indices to experimental and theoretical papers by ion species are also provided.
The need for accurate electron-ion collision data is immense, with applications in such diverse fields as hard X-ray spectroscopy, infrared astronomy, and fusion energy research. As few of the ions of interest are attainable in the laboratory, the user must depend primarily on theoretical data. Many calculation describing electron-impact excitation of atomic ions have been published during the past three decades, but these vary considerably in sophistication and accuracy. During this time, important atomic effects such as configuration interaction and autoionizing resonances have been recognized and incorporated. Concomitantly theoreticians have been challenged to improve the accuracy of their calculations to provide reliable diagnostics in high-resolution measurements associated with fusion plasmas and astronomical sources. Computer packages to generate high-accuracy data have been written and refined in the past decade, but because they require large investments of manpower and computing time, the actual number of calculations which have used these is still small. Thus, most of the available theoretical data are still below optimum accuracy. The purpose of this report is to review all the theoretical data describing electron-impact excitation of atomic ions published since the mid-1950's, to access the range of accuracy of each data set, and to make the most reliable of these data easily accessible to users.
Cross sections have been compiled for electron-impact excitation of carbon and oxygen ions (C II-VI and O II-VIII). A selection has been made to recommend 'best' values for use. The resulting recommended values are fitted to an analytical formula and the fitting coefficients are given in a table. The cross sections (in the form of collision strengths) and the rate coefficients calculated therefrom are shown graphically. The reliability of the recommended data is roughly estimated.
Plasmas of greatest interest in fusion and astrophysics are not in thermodynamic equilibrium so that details of each significant atomic process are needed to construct theoretical models and interpret observations. Two of the most important types of reaction are electron impact ionization and excitation. In plasmas which are 'thin' to electromagnetic radiation, the ionization equilibrium and hence all important plasma properties is mainly determined by the balance between the rates of ionization and recombination. Electron impact is usually the dominant ionization process and when molecular ions are absent, this is primarily balanced by dielectronic (three body) and radiative recombination.
A comprehensive list of papers is presented on experimental and theoretical studies of electron-impact excitation and ionization of atomic (positive) ions. The list covers the literature published from 1940 through 1991. Each reference is followed by a short description of the data available from the paper. Separate indices to experimental and theoretical papers by ion species are also provided.